Police Brutality And The Laws Of The Nation And Protect...

Police offers are surpots to uphold the laws of the nation and protect the citizens of their nation from harm, but that is not always the case. Throughout history, the ones that are designated to protect the public the one are harming the public. When the police abuse their power, it is not uncommon for them just to look the other way and not charge the other office of any crime. In the United States the defining of police brutality is the wanton use of excessive force, this could be physical, verbal attacks and psychological intimidation, by a police officer. Often times, the victims of police brutality are arrested for a crime, not the police officer; it is not until the citizen become aware of the brutality and demand that the office be†¦show more content†¦King was then cuffed and arrested for Driving while under the influence (DUI) and fleeing for the police. This would have just been another incident between the Los Angeles police department and an uncooperative suspect if it were not for George Holliday. George Holiday (Holiday) was living in an apartment near the intersection of Foothill Blvd and Osborne St. in Lake View Terrace when heard something going on outside and got his camcorder at that time he filmed violent beating. The first 13- seconds of his videotape were blurry but it showed King trying to get away passing one of the officers. The next minute and half, King are beaten with batons, being kicked repeatedly and even tasered many times by the officers. He contacted the Los Angeles police two days later and told them that he had videotaped the incident, but the LAPD did not care to see it and just ignored him. George Holiday then took is videotaped to KTLA television so the public could see how the LAPD burrity beat Rodney King. KTLA edited out the first 13-seconds of the videotape because it was blurry, but that means they also edited out the part where King was trying to flee from the LAPD) and showed it on the news. They showed the videotape repeatedly and it was then it picked up by other television stations andShow MoreRelatedPolice Brutality : The Rights Of Every Man Essay1391 Words   |  6 Pagesrights of one man are threatened.† Because police brutality exists within our society, citizen’s human and civil rights are being violated due to these circumstances. B. Background and Audience Relevancy: Throughout our nation, the views of citizens have drastically changed due to police brutality. Citizens are lacking the trust with in the police force because of the excessive or deadly force being used on fellow citizens. However, police brutality is defined as ‘the use of excessive physicalRead MorePolice Brutality : A Nation Of Free And The Home Of The Brave1304 Words   |  6 Pagesbrave, is a nation cloaked in fear of those they pay to protect and serve. Police militarization in a post-9/11 era has led to constant tales of abuse of authority by police departments nationwide. The issue is threefold. First, police brutality is growing as a national problem. The people charged with making the streets safer for ordinary citizens are becoming the enemy of the people, the villains, who consider themselves judge, jury, and executioner. Secondly, even the smallest police departmentsRead MoreVideo Evidence Builds Trust !913 Words   |  4 Pages Every police officer in the United States should wear body cameras in order to improve trust and rebuild relationships between citizens and law enforcement officers. Studies done across the country have shown a significant decrease in not only citizen complaints brought against the law enforcement but also a decline in incidents where police were involved in forceful activity or brutality. Body cameras will protect cops from false accusations while also protecting citizens from police brutalityRead MorePolice Brutality And The United States1479 Words   |  6 Pages Police Brutality in the United States University of Nebraska Kearney Colton Blankenship Abstract This research paper is an overview of police brutality in the United States. The paper covers what police brutality is and the definition. The information about police brutality is expanded about what is reasonable and excessive use of force an officer can use. Information is included about the thoughts of what the citizens feel about police brutality. Among the white andRead More Police Brutality Essay1388 Words   |  6 Pagesof government is law enforcement. In recent years, police abuse has come to the attention of the general public. While citizens worry about protecting themselves from criminals, it has now been shown that they must also keep a watchful eye on those who have been given the responsibility to protect and serve. This paper will discuss the types of police abuse prevalent today, including the use of firearms and recovery of private information. I will also discuss what and how citizens’ rights are violatedRead MoreTitle: Police Abuse. The essay includes the definition of police abuse, the causes, examples of police abuse, relationship with racial profiling, suggestions of solutions about the problem.1196 Words   |  5 PagesPolice Abuse An officer who uses more force than policy allows is said to have used excessive force and may be guilty of police brutality, the excessive and lawless use of police force. Police officers are often seen as a thin blue line of protection between criminals and law-abiding citizens, but when they use excessive force, they cross the line and become criminals. Police brutality damages the image of law enforcement as well as the justice system. It leads to loss of trust in the policemenRead More`` Serve And Protect `` : Is The Claim Police Fail?1542 Words   |  7 PagesTo â€Å"Serve and Protect† is the claim police fail to execute. On April 12, 2015, a young man named Freddie Gray, a resident of Baltimore, was a victim of a vicious attack that resulted in a coma, and finally death, following his arrest. His murderer is the six police officers that are involved in this arrest. One might ask why he fell into a coma in the first place. Gray was brutally mutilated by having his spin e ripped out of his back. This occurred because police officers failed to put a seatbeltRead MorePersuasive Essay On Police Brutality1079 Words   |  5 PagesAmerican citizens are engulfed with the fear of getting pulled over, being searched and experiencing one of the simplest procedures such as a traffic stop. Most do not even want to encounter a policer officer. The reason why? Police brutality. The article Police Brutality by gale defines police brutality as: The use of unnecessary, excessive force by police in their encounters with civilians. The force used is beyond what would be considered necessary in the situation at hand. (Police Brutality)Read MorePolice Brutality1263 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿Police Brutality Did you know that Police brutality is the intentional use of excessive force, usually physical, but potentially also in the form of verbal attacks and psychological intimidation, by a police officer? Despite major improvements in police practices (since 1981) reports of alleged police misconduct and abuse continue to spread through the nation. Police Brutality still goes on around the world today with improvements of enforcing police brutality in police departments. There haveRead MorePolice Brutality And The United States Essay1484 Words   |  6 PagesProtect and Serve or Harass and Assault Being a minority in the United States has never been easy and does not seem to be getting any better. Minorities have been exposed to violence by law enforcement for many decades. Law enforcement s are tasked with protecting and serving its citizens, not to harass and assault them. Police brutality is a continuous problem in the United States and officers need to be accountable for their actions. This research project will examine how police brutality often

The Causes and Impacts of Hallucinations on the Patient

The Causes and Impacts of Hallucinations After undergoing a hallucination, the experience can change the rest of a person’s life. Many different things including stress, drugs, obsession, lack of sleep, a rough childhood, devotion to God, etc. can cause hallucinations. Throughout history, many people have experienced hallucinations in reality and literature. Hallucinations can affect someone positively or negatively. During the Romantic era, many poets used opium believing that it produced creativity. Rime of the Ancient Mariner and Kubla Khan by Samuel Taylor Coleridge are results from his opium use and hallucinations. In William Shakespeare’s Macbeth, Macbeth undergoes a hallucination that leads to his downfall. In the novel Don Quixote, Don Quixote experiences extreme hallucinations that resulted into insanity. The Spanish artist, Salvador Dali, experienced many hallucinations throughout his life that caused his artwork to be very unique and different. During the Med ieval and Renaissance time periods, many people became extremely devoted to their faith. Some claimed that they had experienced a heavenly figure come down and look at them. After their mystic experiences, they became different people in a beneficial way. Experiencing hallucinations can cause enhanced creativity, paranoia, insanity, or a more devout faith. During the Romantic time period, many poets took the drug, opium to produce hallucinations. Everything known about opium seemed positive and beneficialShow MoreRelatedSchizophrenia And The World Health Organization Essay1723 Words   |  7 Pagesunderstood and most frightening of the mental disorders. One percent of the world population is affected by it and the World Health Organisation has ranked it as the seventh greatest cause of disability worldwide (Frangou, 2008). 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I want to know what symptoms are affected and what kind of childhood trauma could have possibly affected the symptoms of patients who have been diagnosed with SchizophreniaRead MoreSchizophreni A Disease That Affects The Brain Essay1515 Words   |  7 Pagespreforms key tasks to aid humanities’ survival. The brain controls everything a person does and, if compromised, could have devastating consequences to the person. Schizop hrenia is a disease that affects the brain in tremendous ways. This disease impacts the way the brain receives information, decodes that information, and eventually acts upon that information. Schizophrenia is thought to be the result of genetics and the environment the person is placed in. Although schizophrenia is a disease thatRead MoreWhat do visual hallucinations tell us about the nature of consciousness1347 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿What do visual hallucinations tell us about the nature of consciousness? The term ‘hallucination’ is difficult to define. There is a fine line between a ‘hallucination’ and an ‘illusion’. A hallucination differs from an illusion in that illusions are a product of misinterpretations of external stimuli whereas hallucinations need no such requirement making them an entirely internal process. A true hallucination can also be distinguished from a pseudo-hallucination in which the individual can recogniseRead MoreSchizophrenia Essay903 Words   |  4 Pagesmy topic on how schizophrenia is treated and the affects of the disorder. In the book Psychology: A Journey, â€Å"schizophrenia is defined as delusions hallucination, apathy, thinking abnormalities, and a â€Å"split† between thought and emotion† (Coon and Mitterer). The illness usually occurs during late childhood or early adulthood. There is no known cause to why people get schizophrenia. Although there are some theories that schizophrenia is caused from inherit genes, nature and dopamine. Genetics canRead MoreThe, Sleep Paralysis, Or Dreaming1613 Words   |  7 Pagesis not really in your room. This may sound crazy, but this could be just a normal day for a general schizophrenic. Before I started researching schizophrenia, I knew some details about the mental disorder. For example, I knew that it involved hallucinations and that it was a psychotic disorder. However, in addition to facts, I also was under many assumptions about the disease that were in fact myths. For instance, I thought that most schizophrenics are considered insane and usually spend their livesRead MoreTreatment Of Schizophrenia With Antipsychotic Drugs Essay1715 Words   |  7 Pagesside-effects are known, the physician has leeway to choose a drug which is a good match for the patient’s clinical profile. Then, once the patientâ€℠¢s symptoms have been much alleviated with an appropriate newer generation atypical antipsychotic, the patient should be able to also benefit from a range of psychotherapeutic interventions. It is argued that this is the best treatment regime to choose, as it is likely to result in the greatest improvement in quality of life, coupled with the lowest risk ofRead MoreSchizophrenia Is An Extremely Complex Mental Disorder1575 Words   |  7 Pageshas yet to be fully understood. This particular disorder has affected much of the population today, causing many different emotional, physical, and psychological problems in every affected individual. These symptoms include: â€Å"distorted thoughts, hallucinations, and feelings of fright and paranoia. Psychiatrists evaluate symptoms, tests, and medical history, and prescribe medications and psychotherapy for treatment† (Kirkpatrick). Schizophrenia affects approximately 2.4 million adults in the United StatesRead MoreDiagnosis and Treat ment of Schizophrenia1367 Words   |  6 Pagesindividuals who suffer from schizophrenia they usually hear voices in their head, have unusual beliefs but not based on reality and have different thoughts that are based on hallucination and delusions also changing in behaviour. However, even this very day the cause of schizophrenia is still unknown. Yet the psychologist states that the cause of the disorder is the combination of genetic and environmental factors. Schizophrenia is one of the most serious mental health disorders and it is treated with combinationRead More Schizophrenia Essay1617 Words   |  7 PagesSchizophrenia is a psychotic disorder that causes severe mental disturbances which disrupt ones thoughts, speech, and behavior. According to Paul Thompson, Associate Professor of Neurology, one percent of the world’s population suffers from this disorder. There is no one specific cause of schizophrenia, because it is caused by a combination of problems during dev elopment. It is a disorder which not only affects the patient, but their family and society as well. Schizophrenia can be a debilitating

Name of artist/designers Essay Example For Students

Name of artist/designers Essay Name of workDateWhat does this artwork representHow does the setting of the painting represent the worldview/social status of the patron?What technique does the artist prefer for this painting? Why?What kind of symbolism can be found in these paintings?Orientalism Daguerreotype :a photograph taken by an early photographic process employing an iodine-sensitive silvered plate and mercury vaporCalotype : A photographic process in which a positive image is made by shining light through a negative image onto a sheet of sensitized paper. Gesamtkunstwerk : (German, total artwork or collective artwork) Term coined by Richard Wagner for a dramatic work in which poetry, scenic design, staging, action, and music all work together toward one artistic expression. Einfuhlung : understanding so intimate that the feelings, thoughts, and motives of one person are readily comprehended by anotherKunstwollen : the will of form; Kunstwollen proposed that all works of art in a given period will find a shared formal expression, quite different from the stated ambitions of their makers. Arts crafts Divisionism : The juxtaposition of tiny dots of unmixed paints, giving an overall effect of color when mixed optically by the viewers eye from a distance, usually associated with the Postimpressionists. Pointillism Synthetism :a genre of French painting characterized by bright flat shapes and symbolic treatments of abstract ideasSalon Bourgeoisie proletariat :Marxs term for the exploited class, the mass of workers who do not own the means of productionCamera obscura Flaneur :one who strolls about aimlessly; a lounger; a loafer. Alienation Modernismo :literary movement inspired by French symbolism and Parnassians current at the turn of the nineteenth centuryImpasto :painting that applies the pigment thickly so that brush or palette knife marks are visibleImpressionism Avant-gardeThe Snake CharmerArtist : Jean-Leon Gerome, Date : c. 1870 Media : Oil on canvasStyle : Orientalism-Portrays nineteenth century fantasy of the middle east, shows a young boy entirely naked handling a python while an older man behind him plays a fipple flute and a group of mercenaries watches. -Setting is a large blue tiled room decorated with calligraphic patterns-Scene is painted with an almost photographic clarity and attention to detail leading us to think it is an accurate representation of a specific eventGerome traveled to the middle east several times and was praised by critics of the 1855 salon for his ethnographic accuracy-Yet the overall narrative of snake charmer is complete fiction mixing Egyptian Turkish and Indian cultures in a fantastic pasticheThe Artists StudioArtist : Louis-jaques-mande daguerreDate : c. 1837Media : Photograph : camera obscuraStyle : Daguerreotype somethingThe Open DoorArtist : Henry Fox Talbot Date : c. 1843 Media : Salt paper print form a calotype negativeStyle : -Expresses nostalgia for rural way of life that was fast disappearing in industrial englandOperaArtist : Charles GarnierDate : c. 1861-1874 Media : location : Paris -Expresses nostalgia for rural way of life that was fast disappearing in industrial englandOrientalismFound in b oth academic and avant-garde art in the nineteenth centuryEdward said describes : the colonial gaze in which the colonizer gazes upon the colonized orient as something to possess, as a primitive or exotic playground for the civilized European visitor, in which native men are savage and despotic and native women are sultry and sexually available

The Summer of the Beautiful White Horse Essay Example

The Summer of the Beautiful White Horse Essay This short story is a part of a book written by William Saroyan that centers on Aram, a nine-year-old boy from the Garoghlanian family. The Garoghlanian family is a tribe of Armenian descent that has immigrated to California. In this tribe they value honesty above all else â€Å"most important of all, though, we were famous four our honesty† (p. 160). Aram and his cousin Mourad went on an adventure during a summer season; it emphasized the tribe’s behavior which ran on their own sense of morality but not according to the laws of society. In this story, Saroyan brought out the theme redemption through action. In other words, redeeming or restoring the Garoghlanian family’s name through a kind act. This story also shows how in the Garoghlanian family, material wealth is not important to the tribe members. What’s important is being true to one self and to the family and it is what makes a man good. Aram reflected innocence. According to him the world was full with imagination and life was beautiful with mysterious dreams. At nine years old he was trying to find a way to integrate the culture of the family or the tribe with the culture of his life in this new land. However, his earliest memories were about horses and the desire to ride them. Due to the fact that the family was poor, it was a mystery for people to understand how they eat everyday let alone afford a horse. Therefore, Aram could not believe his eyes when cousin Mourad showed up sitting on a beautiful white horse to his window. Despite the tribe was poverty-stricken; it remained famous for their honesty. We will write a custom essay sample on The Summer of the Beautiful White Horse specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Summer of the Beautiful White Horse specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Summer of the Beautiful White Horse specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer As a result Aram refused to believe that cousin Mourad had stolen the horse. Sadly, Aram realized that the horse was stolen. However, according to him stealing a horse for a ride was not necessarily stealing, as it was not considered as stealing money or selling the horse â€Å"For all I knew, maybe it wasnt stealing at all. If you were crazy about horses the way my cousin Mourad and I were, it wasnt stealing† (p. 160). They decided to keep the horse a secret and hide it in order to learn to ride. To Aram, cousin Mourad was a free spirit even though he was considered the crazy streak of the tribe. Cousin Mourad reflected life and wilderness; he had a way with animals, especially with horses. He was a good horse rider. He was not in the world by mistake â€Å"†¦he enjoyed being alive more than anybody else†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (p. 160). He was considered the natural descendant of their uncle Khosrove. Given that in the tribe â€Å"a man could be the father of his sons flesh, but that did not mean that he was also the father of his spirit† (p. 161). In other words, cousin Mourad was carefree as uncle Khosrove and people often dismissed their behavior. Riding horses was significant to Aram and cousin Mourad, it was a wonderful feeling. In the days that follow they rode and they let the horse run as long as it felt like running. After all, when Aram wanted to ride alone it was up to the horse according to cousin Mourad. However, every time Aram tried to ride the horse alone he leaped over grape vines and small trees and threw him and ran away. Regardless, he was determined to ride like cousin Mourad. One day Aram and cousin Mourad was taking the horse to the farm at which they have been hiding it. They came face to face with the farmer John Byro the horse’s owner. After careful examination he concluded that this white horse was identical to the one that was stolen from him many weeks ago. Nevertheless, since the Garoghlanian tribe was known for its honesty he refused to accuse them, he showed compassion and wisdom, for â€Å"a suspicious man would believe his eyes instead of his heart† (p. 164). Aram noted that cousin Mourad looked ashamed even though he did not admit to anything. The next day they brought the horse back to the owner’s farm. Later that day John Byro visited the Garoghlanian family home and told them about his horse which was mysteriously disappeared from his farm and had returned, not only that, the horse was better trained and well-tempered. The horse represented several things to Aram and Mourad in Saroyans story. The first would be a sense of indescribable beauty. It was magnificent, lovely and exciting. Second of all they were mesmerized by the presence of the horse and decided to fulfill their passions and interests. Being hesitant at first, Aram gave in knowing that his behavior could potentially disrupt the balance in the family. In other words it could tarnish the family good reputation. On the other hand, cousin Mourad completely let his passion and interest namely animals guided him. After the encounter with John Byro, they quickly realized their mistake and guilt led them to return the horse and redeemed the family’s name. Overall, the Garoghlanian family was still known for their honesty, John Byro found his lost horse better than it was before and Aram and cousin Mourad fulfilled their dreams.

The Legacy Of The Medici Family Essays

The Legacy Of The Medici Family Essays The Legacy Of The Medici Family Paper The Legacy Of The Medici Family Paper bbc. co. uk/dna/h2g2/A622919 (accessed November 26, 2007). Medici: Godfather of the Renaissance. pbs. org/empires/medici/renaissance/index. html (accessed November 26, 2007). Nygaard Ken. â€Å"Giovanni di Bicci Averardo de Medici. † historyworld. net/wrldhis/PlainTextHistories. asp? historyid=aa24 (accessed November 25, 2007). The Medici Queens. saburchill. com/history/biblio/020. html (accessed November 26, 2007).

Hindu and Muslim Women during the Period of Muslim Rule

Hindu and Muslim Women during the Period of Muslim Rule Introduction Muslim rule refers to dominion by the Muslim community which was majorly realized in Asia from the tenth century. The Muslim rule was characterized by regulation over their women, which were eventually adopted by the Hindu community. This paper seeks to discuss the exposure that the Hindu and Muslim women were allowed during the Muslim rule. This paper will look into the participation of these women in fields such as politics, religion and literature with respect to the period of Muslim rule.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Hindu and Muslim Women during the Period of Muslim Rule specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Involvement in politics The culture under the Muslim rule was characterized by seclusion of women and usage of veil in both public and private places. This seclusion contributed to a passive nature of women at the time as they were by tradition kept out of activities which included politics and re ligion. Women were reduced to just spectators in most of the communal activities. There was however cases and instances where some women rose beyond tradition and were seen to actively engage in some of these activities. Active participation of a woman in politics under the Muslim rule was for example realized in the thirteenth century. Though the phenomenon of women’s involvements in such activities had been a gone practice in the region, Turkan who had been a queen rose to the political scene after her husband’s death to try and influence succession of her husband. Her husband had chosen one of his daughters to succeed him upon his death while Turkan felt that her son was supposed to be the next king of the Delhi territory. The political activism of Turkan were however unsuccessful and she together with her son were jailed paving way for Raziyyah, who had been proposed by the former king to rise to the throne. Turkan’s imprisonment that led to her fall was att ributed to a high level of corruption in the empire that forced servants to arrest her. Women’s involvement in political leadership however continued with Raziyyah being accorded the crown. Raziyyah showed deviation from the expected norms for women and disregarded the usage of veil besides wearing men’s clothes. She was later assassinated for a biased court judgment in which she favored a man. Political involvement of women was again later realized in the Muslim world in the sixteenth century. Though not established to thrones, a number of women are reported to have actively helped Babur in establishing a throne of Moghul territory in the year 1526. These women, including Babur’s mother helped him to fight his enemies and even provided him with financial support as he undertook his move to conquer India (Pletcher 121). The same sixteenth century witnessed the rise of Nur Jahan to political heights. Nur is reported to have been her husband’s political adv isor throughout his reign. A later political involvement of women was significantly noted in the nineteenth century when Rani Lakshmi was involved in a political battle to establish her son onto her husband’s throne following her husband’s death. Her political influence was further felt by her participation in fights against the British rule.Advertising Looking for essay on asian? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More She even engaged in military activities which later caused her death. Involvement of women in politics and leadership in Muslim emperors was generally realized in two perspectives. There were the set of women who engaged in politics to establish themselves as leaders and those whose fights were to retain thrones for their sons in order to protect lineage leadership (Notes 1). Involvement religious activities and literature From the onset of Muslim rule, seclusion of women, both Muslim and Hindu, was realized in almost every aspect of their lives. Religion and literature were not spared as women were deprived of even access to education and religious engagements. A revolution in the Hindu religion, however, led to a poetic participation of women which was adopted as a means to spreading the religion. The involvement of women in this poetic preaching had two aspects of liberation to the group that had been confined by tradition. The first aspect was their preaching which is reported to have attracted a very large audience. Their preaching, though through poems, put them at technically the same level as religious leaders, a position that was reserved for men. This revolution therefore led to the involvement of these women in religious activities. The use of poems in these occasions was artistic, just as much as they were religious. This revolution therefore gave an opportunity for women to rise and reclaim what had been taken away from them by the emergence of the seclusion t radition. Involvement of these women in the dual activities that served both religious and literal values was first undertaken by Antal in the ninth century (Notes 1). Others included Mahadevi Akka and Mirabai whose participations in the religious poetry were realized in twelfth and fifteenth centuries respectively (Jayapalan 74). Conclusion Even though the Muslim rule introduced seclusion of women that was later spread to Hindu community, women later broke away from this tradition and were gradually involved in political, religious and artistic practices. Jayapalan, Nem. History of India. New Delhi, India: Atlantic Publishers, 2001. Print. Notes. Spread of Islam in South Asia, 1000-1700. Class Notes, n.d. PrintAdvertising We will write a custom essay sample on Hindu and Muslim Women during the Period of Muslim Rule specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Pletcher, Kenneth. The history of India. New York, NY: The Rosen Publishing Group, 20 10. Print.

Serial Killer Luis Garavito Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Serial Killer Luis Garavito - Research Paper Example The name by which this serial killer is known indicates his satanic nature: La Bestia (the beast). Garavito was also known as El Loco (the crazy one), Tribilin (Goofy), and El Cura (the priest). He also went by the pseudonym of Bonifacio Morera Lizcano. (Murderpedia.org, 2006). A discussion of Garavito’s background, his victims, his modus operandi, his arrest, his possible motives and fear of the possibility of his release demonstrate his impact on the world. Garavito was born on 25 January, 1957, in Genova. This town is located in Colombia’s Quindio province, the western coffee-growing region. He was the first of seven children in a poor family. He was repeatedly beaten by his father, Manuel Antonio Garavito, who was a brute and subjected his son to physical and mental abuse. He was also repeatedly raped by two male neighbors. Garavito dropped out of school after just five years. He left home at the age of sixteen and went on to work as a store clerk and then as a stre et vendor who sold religious icons and prayer cards. Once he reached adulthood, he drifted from job to job, moving often due to the problems caused by his heavy drinking and aggressive behavior. He was treated for depression and showed suicidal tendencies, attempting to kill himself twice. Police reports indicate that he was under psychiatric care for five years. (Murderpedia.org, 2006). Garavito’s victims were young boys between the ages of six and thirteen. The only exception was a boy of sixteen, who was handicapped. The victims belonged to poor or peasant families or were street children. Garavito invariably chose light-skinned, good-looking boys of less than average intelligence. It is significant that Colombia has witnessed political violence which has resulted in the displacement of 1.5 million people. Children separated from their families are a common sight on the streets of towns and cities where they eke a living by selling newspapers and chewing gum, polishing sho es or begging. The large number of missing, unreported children in Colombia enabled Garavito to get away with his killing spree for more than half a decade. Garavito’s modus operandi was exceptionally uniform. Chief Prosecutor Alfonso Gomez Mendez stated at the press conference that Garavito â€Å"passed himself off as â€Å"a street vendor, monk, indigent, disabled person or a representative of fictitious foundations for the elderly and children's education, in that way gaining entrance to schools as a speaker†Ã¢â‚¬  (qtd. in Wetsch. 2005). Garavito’s approach was studiously planned and executed. He would patiently befriend the boys, using various disguises (street vendor, bum, priest) and props, such as different hair-dos. He would secure their confidence by giving them juice or cake at a local shop and then lure with different strategies. He would ask for help in some task, such as selling oranges, harvesting sugar-cane or transporting cattle. He lured addi cted children with the promise of drugs and others with money. These encounters always took place after 10 a.m. and before noon, usually over the weekend, when more children loitered round the marketplace. This timing was preferred as his offers of jobs would be credible to the boys and the children would not be missed until dinner time. Garavito’s crimes were committed in hidden areas, overgrown with tall plants on the outskirts of towns, often on the slopes of hills. The children

Marketing Model Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Marketing Model - Essay Example There is also a need of having knowledge and understanding on the consumer’s behavior and their motivation for buying the products under consideration. Other areas of knowledge are the customer’s preferences and awareness concerning the product under consideration. On this basis, there is a need of integrating all these strategies for purposes of achieving efficiency in marketing (Rosenbloom, 2013). On this basis, the functions of marketing in the 21st century is integrating the wants and needs of customers to the other functions of the organization such as finance, Research and Development, production and personnel. On this basis, in the 21st century, marketing alone does not hold the success of the organization. This also applies to the other functions of the organization. However, it is the role of marketing to integrate the functions of different departments for purposes of promoting the goals and objectives of the business organization (Kotler, 2010). An example of a company that failed to integrate all its departments is Urea, a fertilizer manufacturing company. The company recently found itself in a stiff completion from foreign and local companies producing similar products. However, the company did not concern itself with improving its prices, quality of the products, its packaging and selling strategies. The marketing department and other departments of the organization worked separately, and at crossroads. This led to the loss of its market share to its various competitors. On this basis, there was a need of the management of Urea to define its marketing strategies, and give it the integrative role (Sheehan, 2011). This would help the company to regain its market share, and achieve profitability. From the above example, we can denote that effective marketing will lead to the profitability of a business organization (Rosenbloom, 2013). However, other functions of the organization such

Seaworld Water Conservation in Sanantoino Essay Example for Free

Seaworld Water Conservation in Sanantoino Essay Many of us have been to water parks/ theme parks and probably never thought about how much water is being used. I especially have been intrigued with the fact that San Antonio has a Seaworld, because the other cities that have one are San Diego and Orlando. San Diego and Orlando both are by many beaches and land of water compared to San Antonio. So to me I felt that San Antonio having a Seaworld would have a major impact on our city water supply. How much water does Seaworld consume and or try to conserve? I talked to Melissa, an educator at Seaworld, and she discussed with me that several of Seaworld’s management had already developed the park’s Water Conservation Plan and had submitted the plan to the San Antonio Water System. The drought restrictions for San Antonio are quit stringent. Many of the restrictions, however, are everyday practices for their park. Under restrictions, water waste is prohibited; Melissa quoted, â€Å" At Seaworld we are always watching how our water is being used and we are always finding new ways to reuse our water or reduce consumption. I also found out that the park reduces their landscape watering by about 20% in their formal park area, and their back area of the park goes without water. Another way the park conserve water is by collecting water condensation from air conditioning units in two condensation tanks found in back areas of the park. The water collected in these tanks is used to irrigate landscaping throughout the park and is also used to pressure wash pathways. Low-flow toilets have been installed in the park restrooms to reduce the amount of waste water used. In addition to conservation reclaimed water is used to water the plants and grass at Seaworld. They’ve also cut their monthy water use from eight million gallons to four million gallons in the last three years, according to Wade from the NPR organization,who had wrote an article about recycled water in San Antonio. When Shamu splashes the lower rows with fountains of water from his 5 million gallon tank, the water that looks like its going the drain is actually headed for capture. In fact, Seaworld has built its own on-site water filtration system. Seaworld San Antonio has made conservation a top priority over the years and are continuously working on innovative ways to improve the environment. The team at the park workhard every year to improve and reduce the park’s overall energy consumption through water and energy cconservation, sustainability and recycling. In 2009 they were presented with â€Å" Going Green Award† in the Conservation Program category by the San Antonio Business Journal. The award program recognizes individuals, companies and programs making an effort to save our planet. The parks water and energy conservation and recycling efforts were key factors in winning this award. As important as conservation is, whats really saving San Antonio right now is its aquifer-storage system. During times when the rains are plenty and the Edwards Aquifer is full, San Antonio aggressively pumps the water out and stores it forty miles away in a sand formation called the Carrizo. Nobody knows how much water the Carrizo could ultimately store, perhaps as much as sixty-five billion gallons. Now, in the midst of this devastating drought, the Carrizo’s massive pumps are sending this rainy day water back to the thirsty city from whence it came. I talked with Jeff, director of production, and he stated that he feels it’s a huge benefit and that it cuts down on the amount of water that San Antonio uses from the Edwards during a critical time , which is good for the entire region. San Antonio’s approach to its water has saved it in the past but like Wlliam Alley discusses in his essay, Tracking U. S.  Groundwater, no one knows how much water is actually available. Its all estimates. Its almost impossible to keep record of and exact figure when it comes to water consumption. Alley goes to explain how the aquifer can be estimated more accurately than global ground water. So the Carrizo obtains most of its water from rain. If the rain don’t come, San Antonio and the rest of Texas are going to learn what the word â€Å"drought† really means. Seaworld San Antonio does not have a major impact on the city water supply. Karen the water system’s director of conservstion stated that seaworld amongst other customers have helped them reach their goal to save a billion gallons of water every single year. Like Mark Holston, the author of â€Å"Where Has All The Water Gone†, discusses how water is being reused to our benenfit. That to me is where the Carizzo comes into play for the city and the main ways Seaworld reuses water as well. Both ways have helped the community figure out that it is better to save watere than to worry about having to always just acquire more water.

Julius Caesar - Tragic Hero Essay -- essays research papers

Julius Caesar as a Tragic Hero Julius Caesar is a play written by William Shakespeare during the year 1597. Julius Caesar’s story involves a conspiracy against Julius Caesar, a powerful senator. The play involves a highly respected senator, Brutus, who decides to join the conspiracy to kill Julius Caesar, in the effort to keep democracy intact. Brutus believes that if Julius Caesar is allowed to live, Caesar will take a kingship and turn the government into a monarchy. Brutus, Cassius, and the other conspirators kill Julius Caesar, yet they find Antony, a loyalist of Caesar, seeks revenge on them. Plato set out rules on the traits a tragic hero must possess. A tragic hero must neither be an evil villain nor a great hero, instead the tragic hero must be either a flawed hero or a villain with some good traits. Also, the tragic hero must not deserve what mighty punishment is dealt to him. Another key feature of a tragic hero is the fact that a tragic hero must be a high-standing individual in society. The tragic hero must not deserve his punishment for the play to be a tragedy. Also, a tragedy happening to someone in high authority, will affect not only the single person but al so society as a whole. Another reason for the tragic hero to be in high authority is to display that if a tragedy may happen to someone such as a king, it may just as easily happen to any other person. Julius Caesar fits the role of a tragic hero. Julius Caesar is a high standing senator that possesses hamartia, failings of human nature. Julius Caesar’s imperfections may be seen in three distinct aspects of Caesar, such as the following: his pride, his vacillation, and his ambition. Julius Caesar has much pride, a hamartia, which brings him to not be wary of the conspiracy. Caesar is given much warning on the threat of his life, yet due to his pride he thinks himself to be too great of a person to have such a downfall. Julius Caesar is warned by a soothsayer, "Soothsayer. Beware the ides of March."(1,2,18) Julius Caesar rebukes the soothsayer by stating, "Caesar. He is a dreamer. Let us leave him. Pass."(1,2,23) Caesar does not take warning to be wary the middle of the month, the day of his assassination. Later, Caesar’s wife Calpurnia has a nightmare that Caesar is slain at the Capitol. Caesar calls for the priests to do a sacrifi... ... for more ruling. This occurrence, that Caesar is surpassing his peers and creating a monopoly, is a very dangerous and serious threat. Cassius expresses his opinion by his statement, "Cassius. †¦but for my single self, I had lief not be as live to be in awe of such a thing as I myself. I was borne free as Caesar; so were you."(1,2,94-97) Cassius also shows that he sees that the Senate and senators are falling in power as Caesar is selfishly acquiring it. "Casca. He fell down in the market place and foamed at the mouth and was speechless. Brutus. ‘Tis very like; he hath the falling sickness. Cassius. No, Caesar hath it blueye3 not; but you and I, and honest Casca, we have the falling sickness [in reference to their falling in power versus Caesar’s rise]."(1,2,254-258) Caesar’s ambition, surely, is a hamartia and is the reason behind the heart of the conspiracy. Through these examples, Julius Caesar can be seen as having the traits of a tragic hero. Upon closer inspection, Brutus is the real tragic hero of the play. This displays how William Shakespeare is able to create realistic and multipurpose characters that inspire his works. Julius Caesar - Tragic Hero Essay -- essays research papers Julius Caesar as a Tragic Hero Julius Caesar is a play written by William Shakespeare during the year 1597. Julius Caesar’s story involves a conspiracy against Julius Caesar, a powerful senator. The play involves a highly respected senator, Brutus, who decides to join the conspiracy to kill Julius Caesar, in the effort to keep democracy intact. Brutus believes that if Julius Caesar is allowed to live, Caesar will take a kingship and turn the government into a monarchy. Brutus, Cassius, and the other conspirators kill Julius Caesar, yet they find Antony, a loyalist of Caesar, seeks revenge on them. Plato set out rules on the traits a tragic hero must possess. A tragic hero must neither be an evil villain nor a great hero, instead the tragic hero must be either a flawed hero or a villain with some good traits. Also, the tragic hero must not deserve what mighty punishment is dealt to him. Another key feature of a tragic hero is the fact that a tragic hero must be a high-standing individual in society. The tragic hero must not deserve his punishment for the play to be a tragedy. Also, a tragedy happening to someone in high authority, will affect not only the single person but al so society as a whole. Another reason for the tragic hero to be in high authority is to display that if a tragedy may happen to someone such as a king, it may just as easily happen to any other person. Julius Caesar fits the role of a tragic hero. Julius Caesar is a high standing senator that possesses hamartia, failings of human nature. Julius Caesar’s imperfections may be seen in three distinct aspects of Caesar, such as the following: his pride, his vacillation, and his ambition. Julius Caesar has much pride, a hamartia, which brings him to not be wary of the conspiracy. Caesar is given much warning on the threat of his life, yet due to his pride he thinks himself to be too great of a person to have such a downfall. Julius Caesar is warned by a soothsayer, "Soothsayer. Beware the ides of March."(1,2,18) Julius Caesar rebukes the soothsayer by stating, "Caesar. He is a dreamer. Let us leave him. Pass."(1,2,23) Caesar does not take warning to be wary the middle of the month, the day of his assassination. Later, Caesar’s wife Calpurnia has a nightmare that Caesar is slain at the Capitol. Caesar calls for the priests to do a sacrifi... ... for more ruling. This occurrence, that Caesar is surpassing his peers and creating a monopoly, is a very dangerous and serious threat. Cassius expresses his opinion by his statement, "Cassius. †¦but for my single self, I had lief not be as live to be in awe of such a thing as I myself. I was borne free as Caesar; so were you."(1,2,94-97) Cassius also shows that he sees that the Senate and senators are falling in power as Caesar is selfishly acquiring it. "Casca. He fell down in the market place and foamed at the mouth and was speechless. Brutus. ‘Tis very like; he hath the falling sickness. Cassius. No, Caesar hath it blueye3 not; but you and I, and honest Casca, we have the falling sickness [in reference to their falling in power versus Caesar’s rise]."(1,2,254-258) Caesar’s ambition, surely, is a hamartia and is the reason behind the heart of the conspiracy. Through these examples, Julius Caesar can be seen as having the traits of a tragic hero. Upon closer inspection, Brutus is the real tragic hero of the play. This displays how William Shakespeare is able to create realistic and multipurpose characters that inspire his works.

Speech for Home work and special education teachers

‘This slide presentation is for a survey that I have undertaken. The survey is titled ‘A phenomenological Study of Homework from the position of simple particular instruction instructors of pupils with larning disablements. ‘ The hardy trades with the positions and experiences of instructors of pupils with larning disablements sing the value they place on prep. The value and the really capable of prep have been really controversial to many over the centuries since prep has been portion of the educational system in the United States of all time since schools were founded. In the 1800s, it was typical to hold 14-21 hours of prep given to pupils per hebdomad. It was during this clip that the value of prep started to be questioned. It was in 1897 that Dr. Joseph Mayer Rice questioned the construct of prep. Besides In the late 1900s a diary by the name Ladies ‘ Home Journal ran an article that rallied anti-homework protagonists who claimed prep was unhealthy and wa nted it abolished. In the 1920s The American Child Health Association conducted a survey that found out that kids could be negatively affected by prep. It was besides suggested in the thirtiess that prep was non just and infringed on household clip. Besides, the Society of the Abolition of Homework was founded. The 1940s saw an instruction displacement from boring jobs to problem-solving schemes. Following the launch of Sputnik in 1957, the U.S. Government faulted the deficiency of prep as the ground American kids were falling behind their Russian opposite numbers. In the 1960s the belief persisted that prep trumped all of import activities. The 1970s saw many political and cultural alterations that surrounded the Vietnam War and Civil Rights motion and one time once more homework went by the roadside. A 1980s study entitled, The State at Hazard stirred up instruction and reported that averageness was acceptable in schools. The No Child Left Behind statute law in 2000 took the phase , and schools began to experience force per unit area by the authorities to execute and put higher criterions. The demand for research is fueled by the fact that prep continues to be assigned to pupils and yet both instructors and parents and instructors question its effectivity and how it contributes to the pupil ‘s academic accomplishment. Many simple school instructors have different perceptual experiences and beliefs when it comes to giving prep to kids with larning disablements. Children with larning disablements may either non turn in their prep or non complete it. This would take to either the pupil neglecting the category or even in worse instances the pupil might drop out of school this is really apparent since surveies have indicated that kids with acquisition disablements are besides non graduating at the same rate as most of their schoolmates. Students with larning disablements lack to turn in their prep due to a twosome of grounds for illustration some assignments may be excessively long or excessively hard for them to understand while others may hold ill-defined waies. The whole survey is based on points of those who have been for or against prep. After I did thorough reappraisal of the related literature I found out that phenomenological surveies had non been conducted sing pedagogues ‘ histories of prep assignments, a spread that this qualitative survey addressed. Such diverseness of perceptual experiences and attitudes sing prep required a critical scrutiny of educational patterns and single instructor experiences with prep. I besides conducted a reappraisal by obtaining and reexamining multiple school territory policies sing rating prep and burdening the assignments in concluding classs. The consequences indicated that legion pupils are neglecting because they submit unfinished prep or make non subject any prep. Deductions from this survey may include alterations in the ways prep is assigned ( if it is assigned suitably ) and a reconsideration of rating processs. Deciding non to rate prep or perchance retracing and modifying prep assignment s for pupils with larning disablements could be a possible result of this survey. A secondary result might affect opening teacher treatments with decision makers about set uping prep policies in school territories every bit good as custom-making prep to the abilities of the pupils. Small research has been conducted on instructor positions and their ideas and feelings sing the prep assigned to the population of pupils with larning disablements. The information gathered in this survey will assist pedagogues and decision makers gain a better apprehension of the experiences, feelings, and ideas of instructors on prep. By leting instructors to portion their experiences, this research could lend to better professional development to fix instructors for progressively diverse scholars. Teachers ‘ preparations sing prep have besides been a concern with respect to decently composing custom-tailored assignments for pupils with larning disablements. A study coupled with an interview of more than 300 instructors was conducted and merely one person claimed to hold taken a class that focused on prep. In add-on, a instructor study was besides completed and merely 18 % had really attended professional development workshops on the subject of prep assignments can be created that are structured and tiered harmonizing to a pupil ‘s skill degree to assist further positive experiences in larning which in bend could ensue in a better entry rate of prep, higher go throughing rates in categories, every bit good as lower keeping rates and drop-out rates. So to paint a clear phenomenology was used to transport out the sturdy. The chief intent of this sturdy I undertook was to place the ideas, feelings, experiences and attitudes of the instructors of pupils with larning dis ablements in classs 3'6 sing the value, application, and creative activity of prep assignments. This phenomenological survey involved face-to-face interviews of instructors at multiple sites i.e. diners, diners, schoolrooms, conference suites. The choosing of the location of the interview was a affair of common convenience. The instructors were besides observed and anecdotal notes were taken. Teachers selected for this survey were those working in public school territories in the State of New York. These instructors had to hold been presently learning pupils with larning disablements in classs 3? 6 and had to hold had at least two old ages of learning experience. For the intent of the sturdy I conducted 13 interviews with the instructors who met the aforesaid demands. In order to enroll instructors for this survey I posted a publication on particular instruction web sites, instructor sites, and the Council for Exceptional Children. Participants were non compensated for the interviews. During the interview I easy gained and established resonance and trust with the aid of repeating how much this survey will help others and how much their sentiment agencies. Once resonance was established I explained to the respondents the demand of the digital tape recording equipment was explained. All inquiries were asked in the same order to compare informations consistently. The inquiries were concise, standardized, and open-ended to let for free ideas to happen from the participants. Once the interview was completed, participants were asked if they would wish to add anything. It was explained that their information will be kept confidential and that they will have a transcript of the typed transcript in the mail and to do any alterations, mark, and return to me. Known as member-checking, this process ensured that the reading made was free of any mistakes, and was concise and accurately reflected the message of the participant. Participants were assigned an alphameric codification to guarantee confidentiality. The intending units were so ranked, compared, and reduced from intending units to subjects and tracked utilizing a spreadsheet to cut down the information into identified subjects. Concepts and subjects that emerged from the interview procedure were compared and analyzed. Upon reexamining each written text, a content log of intending units were reviewed, and emerging subjects were recorded on an Excel spreadsheet. In this survey, accent was placed on the positions of the particular instruction instructors ; therefore, the result of this survey should hold an impact on the manner pupils with learning disablements are assessed, which may do instructors to reexamine their schoolroom prep policies and processs to outdo run into the demands of these pupils. In conformity with the intent of the survey to cognize the positions of instructors for the particular instruction sing their experiences in making appropriate prep assignments for pupils with larning disablements, six research inquiries were designed and developed by reexamining the related literature. The input, positions, and experiences of the instructors from their ain schoolrooms were really of import for understanding the ground prep is given. It besides gave a clear image on the value that teachers topographic point on prep, and the type of prep assigned. The inquiries for this survey were developed from the reappraisal of related literature. These inquiries are as follows: 1. What values do instructors of pupils with larning disablements in classs 3'6 topographic point on prep patterns? 2. How do instructors of pupils with larning disablements in classs 3'6 usage prep assignments? 3. To what extent do instructors of pupils with larning disablements in classs 3'6 believe that prep contributes to higher academic accomplishment? 4. Why do instructors of pupils with larning disablements in classs 3'6 assign prep? 5. What professional development preparation has instructors of pupils with larning disablements in classs 3'6 had in the creative activity of prep assignments? 6. What is the school territory ‘s policy regarding prep for the instructors of pupils with larning disablements in classs 3'6? The response of instructors for the above inquiries is as follows: Question 1: The instructors interviewed responded that prep could be done at school. They responded that prep should be checked but non needfully graded Question 2: The instructors interviewed responded that they kept an docket book to maintain path of prep. They responded that math prep was the easiest to modify while spelling prep is consistent for all pupils. They besides responded that prep provides good support of earlier acquisition. Question 3: From the interviewees response there was the belief that prep contributes to higher academic accomplishment as prep increased academic accomplishment in pupils with larning disablements since it provides good support to what is learnt in category. Question 4: The instructors responded that they do delegate prep since it has great value in linking place and school. The instructors besides believe that prep lets parents cognize what their kid is larning in school. Question 5: The instructors responded that they had professional development developing specifically related to bettering prep assignments in footings of the sum, type, length and other best pattern facets of prep. Question 6: Most of the respondents are incognizant of school policy and that afterschool prep aid is provided to pupils who need the aid. From the findings of this sturdy I was able to come up with a few deductions of the position of instructors of pupils with larning disablements towards prep. These deductions have a direct bearing on the current usage of prep and how or if instructors make effectual usage of prep as an assessment tool or how they align assignments to run into the demands of their acquisition handicapped pupils. What is the value? Teachers value prep based on this survey. They value it so much that excess clip in school is utilized every bit good as resources and funding to provide aid to pupils to finish their prep. Homework is checked, but non graded and this is based on the fact that many instructors reported that they want a pupil to try the work and they do n't cognize how much or how small aid they are having at place. There is a gulf between prep assignments and lessons which seems to thwart the acquisition handicapped pupils every bit good as instructors. There seems to be no force per unit area to alter the current pattern or struggles with equals in relation to amount or type of prep assignments. Feedback is of import and valued every bit good as the instructors are looking to see if pupils are comprehensive to the stuffs taught in category. Sing the usage of prep assignments: Teachers felt a demand to utilize an docket or assignment tablet for learning handicapped pupils to be able to maintain path of their assignments. Two topics were outstanding in prep assignments: math and spelling. It appeared the ground for this was that they were the most easy to modify ‘ diminish the figure responsible for and it seemed that spelling was used because there was no clip in the school twenty-four hours to suit it in. The usage of prep assignments was to reenforce earlier acquisition and to assist with memory. Homework was non assigned on new constructs or constructs that had non been taught yet, it was purely to reenforce the day-to-day activities of the lessons at hand. ‘ of the instructors reported that parents do non portion their enthusiasm or value for prep and feel prep is lending to a loss of involvement in school so the usage of prep assignments is of import to a instructor but appears to be conflicting in the place environment. Does homework advance higher accomplishment? Harmonizing to most literature it does non. Learning handicapped pupils have organisational and attending jobs that besides interfere with prep completion and farther intensify the completion rate. Deficits in base accomplishments in larning handicapped pupils besides are a concern. A cluster subject appeared which identified that pupils non merely have larning shortages but besides have motor, organisational, hyperactivity, and attending concerns which further consequence their completion rate of prep and prep does non look to advance a higher accomplishment degree since return is bad and pupils seem to non be able to understand it without aid of instructors in excess plans. Why do instructors delegate prep? The chief ground is to chiefly reenforce the schoolroom direction. All agreed that no new stuff should be given to pupils to larn on their ain. Teachers like to see the advancement and feel parents/guardians in the place should besides assist to reenforce direction. However, ‘-3/4 complete prep and that is merely after aid in after school plans, during tiffin, deferral, and mentoring periods. It was besides found that pupils take more than an hr to finish their assignments and seem to fight with them. Sing research inquiry # 5: Professional development: Merely one subject emerged 11/12 had ne'er received any professional development on developing and making prep assignments. This is overriding as best patterns need to be explored to back up larning handicapped pupils in the schoolroom. Differentiation, alterations, and adjustments all need to be learned and applied to efficaciously use prep to its intended intent. The last research inquiry # 6: concerned with school territory ‘s policy. 100 % of participants were incognizant of school policy. It was either non shared by their current disposal or they did non cognize such a policy would even be. 10/12 stated that it is non policy, but have an unwritten regulation for after school support and other aid for pupils for prep completion. There appears to be a broad spread between instructors understanding of the difference of excessively much prep and the world of breaks and troubles faced by parents of larning handicapped pupils. The tradition continues. Teacher ‘s prep patterns do non correlate with related research. It is a simple common belief, although unsubstantiated in literature, that homework helps to stand out the pupil. Teachers in this survey underestimated the troubles that larning handicapped pupils face and miss support and preparation to help their students.The attitudes and beliefs of instructors had non been given sufficient consideration to find if instructors are portion of the root cause. There is a immense spread between existent pattern and best pattern. By utilizing this phenomenological attack to arouse the values, attitudes, and beliefs of particular instruction instructors about prep, these new disclosures filled in a spread in the literature to explicate why prep is a job for larning handicapped pupils and what instructors face on a daily footing. Recommendations: 1. Investigate standard policies and processs to see if they are compromising best patterns in prep assignments and appraisals. 2. Work together with regular pedagogues and particular pedagogues to invent an acceptable grade of alterations or alternate assignments for learning handicapped pupils that are individualized where pupils can run into success alternatively of experiencing defeat. 3. Training protocols should be put in topographic point at both the college degree and territory degrees for professional development to research best patterns by utilizing scientifically based appraisals and organisational tools to utilize with pupils. 4. Homework is one time once more with this survey brought into inquiry and argument and demands to be dramatically realigned and reassessed so we do n't lose our acquisition handicapped pupils. We do n't desire them dropping out of school. We do n't desire them being held back. We do n't desire them to go awol. We want them to be successful and turn their disablement into their ability concentrating on the positive properties they each bring as persons. Decision: Most participants espoused positive and encouraging beliefs on the importance of prep yet few seemed willing to do significant alterations to suit the acquisition handicapped pupil. This could be based on the tensenesss of inclusion, standards-focused policies, political force per unit area, or province appraisal force per unit areas. There is still a feeling that prep improves achievement and is portion of the American instruction tradition. Teachers are fighting, though, with happening ways to work with their acquisition handicapped pupils and make individualized, modified, practical prep for them. There is a spread between the current pattern and what best pattern is and this has been uncovered through the subjects utilizing this phenomenological method of research by researching the beliefs, attitudes, and perceptual experiences of this 12 New York province instructors. Based on the findings of the survey and the research conducted the survey assisted with acknowledging the adversities prep topographic points on both households and instructors, therefore oppugning the value of this century-old tradition in the twenty-first century. The survey besides determined the demand for custom-tailored, individualised assignments at the pupils ‘ ability degree, instead than at grade degree. Other than the academic benefits of prep there are besides non-academic benefits of prep. Homework helps transfuse duty for trying the work and conveying assignments back to category. Though there are benefits the pattern needs to be reformed in order to provide even for those with learning dis ablements. The survey besides shed visible radiation on the fact that pupils with learning disablements are happening it hard to get by with the velocity of the other able pupils. In this light hence there should be betterment of this sector and instructors excessively should be trained more to get the cognition of how to cover best with such fortunes of kids with larning disablements. The research has shed visible radiation on the fact that pupils with learning disablements are are happening it hard to get by with the velocity of the other able pupils. Obviously, that pattern is one that needs to be reformed. There should be more professional development preparations and a changeless reappraisal of policies and processs should be established by territories to guarantee that instructors are following proper protocol. ‘

Aol time warner

The merger between the AOL and Time Warner is most certainly a challenging undertaking. To mix a traditional culture existing at Time Warner as ‘old’ company with the flexibility of the ‘new’ AOL culture was both risky and promising.The merger promised Time Warner entrance into the new digital markets where it lacked expertise and created synergies to consider. As a leader in interactive services and owner of powerful Web brands, AOL could deliver performance in areas that promised the greatest growth in the years to come. At the same time, Time Warner with its large asset base created a climate in which AOL would have resources for the realization of the most ambitious projects and undertakings.The choices vary depending on the degree of freedom companies want to have in their operations. On the one hand, AOL and Time Warner could remain to function as two separate entities, undivided by controversies. In this case, the merged company would only engage in c ost-saving and some cross-marketing strategies to increase the profits of shareholders.On the contrary, the company can choose to undertake a massive cultural overhaul in order to blend the two parts closer together. This choice is extremely risky as the two cultures represent different poles of managerial culture.In my opinion, the first choice is the most rational as both companies would need time to understand what they are dealing with. Previously functioning as part of either AOL or Time Warner, the two executive teams have elaborated their own approaches and positions, and bringing those closer together would be difficult.Both companies would thus have more time to study each other’s business models and learn the best aspects of culture and business practices. The restructuring has to be carried out proportionately to the size of both companies, or, alternatively, inclusion of executives from each company on the board could be equal. In this way, the merger would respec t both cultures and give them time to adjust to each other. Â  

Define mind and body dualism essays

Define mind and body dualism essays Define mind/body dualism, in contrast to materialism. Explain Descartes evidence that the mind is a substance distinct from the body. What is the error that Descartes theory makes, according to Ryle? Finally, assess Ryles behaviorism: do you think it is a satisfactory view of our mental states? Mind and body dualism is defined by mental things and physical things are fundamentally distinct kinds of entities. It states that people have only mental properties (mind), and organisms have only physical properties (body). They are two different things. If mind/body dualism is true then the person you see in the mirror is not you. You are not that organism. If you are killed, its not really you, its just an organism. Materialism states that everything is physical. In Eliminative Materialism there is no such thing as hope, love, and desire. We use these terms, but it is not really true. It is just a different way of talking. Everything is physical, but our speech is expressing it differently. An example would be a person saying that the sun is behind a building. This is not true. It is just a figure of speech. Reductive Materialism states another reason why everything is physical. It states that there were many instances where people started with ordinary words and then used sc ientific words. An example of this would be water and H2O. They are identical, but go by two different names. The same could be said for belief. Belief, Materialist say, is just temporal lobe activity. In mind/body dualism we can only know about other people through the behavior of bodies we perceive. Mind/body dualism is compatible with the following: 1) The behavior of bodies is exactly as it is, 2) The behavior of bodies is exactly as it is, 3) The behavior of bodies is exactly as it is, ...

Understanding the Phenomenon of McDonaldization

Understanding the Phenomenon of McDonaldization McDonaldization is a concept developed by American sociologist George Ritzer which refers to the particular kind of rationalization of production, work, and consumption that rose to prominence in the late twentieth century. The basic idea is that these elements have been adapted based on the characteristics of a fast-food restaurant- efficiency, calculability, predictability and standardization, and control- and that this adaptation has ripple effects throughout all aspects of society. The McDonaldization of Society George Ritzer introduced the concept of McDonaldization with his 1993 book,  The McDonaldization of Society.  Since that time the concept has become central within the field of sociology and especially within the sociology of globalization. The sixth edition of the book, published in 2011, has been cited nearly 7,000 times. According to Ritzer, the McDonaldization of society is a phenomenon that occurs when society, its institutions, and its organizations are adapted to have the same characteristics that are found in fast-food chains. These include efficiency, calculability, predictability and standardization, and control. Ritzers theory of McDonaldization is an update on classical sociologist Max Webers theory of how scientific rationality produced bureaucracy, which became the central organizing force of modern societies through much of the twentieth century. According to Weber, the modern bureaucracy was defined by hierarchical roles, compartmentalized knowledge and roles, a perceived merit-based system of employment and advancement, and the legal-rationality authority of the rule of law. These characteristics could be observed (and still can be) throughout many aspects of societies around the world. According to Ritzer, changes within science, economy, and culture have shifted societies away from Webers bureaucracy to a new social structure and order that he calls McDonaldization. As he explains in his book of the same name, this new economic and social order is defined by four key aspects. Efficiency  entails a managerial focus on minimizing the time required to complete individual tasks as well as that required to complete the whole operation or process of production and distribution.Calculability  is a focus on quantifiable objectives (counting things) rather than subjective ones (evaluation of quality).Predictability and standardization  are found in repetitive and routinized production or service delivery processes and in the consistent output of products or experiences that are identical or close to it (predictability of the consumer experience).Finally, control within McDonaldization is wielded by the management to ensure that workers appear and act the same on a moment-to-moment and daily basis. It also refers to the use of robots and technology to reduce or replace human employees wherever possible. Ritzer asserts that these characteristics are not only observable in production, work, and in the consumer experience, but that their defining presence in these areas extends as ripple effects through all aspects of social life. McDonaldization affects our values, preferences, goals, and worldviews, our identities, and our social relationships. Further, sociologists recognize that McDonaldization is a global phenomenon, driven by Western corporations, the economic power and cultural dominance of the West, and as such it leads to a global homogenization of economic and social life. The Downside of McDonaldization After laying out how McDonaldization works in the book, Ritzer explains that this narrow focus on rationality actually produces irrationality. He observed, Most specifically, irrationality means that rational systems are unreasonable systems. By that, I mean that they deny the basic humanity, the human reason, of the people who work within or are served by them. Many have no doubt encountered what Ritzer describes here  when the human capacity for reason seems to be not at all present in transactions or experiences that are marred by rigid adherence to the rules and policies of an organization. Those that work under these conditions often experience them as dehumanizing as well. This is because McDonaldization does not require a skilled workforce. Focusing on the four key characteristics that produce McDonaldization has eliminated the need for skilled workers. Workers in these conditions engage in repetitive, routinized, highly focused and compartmentalized tasks that are quickly and cheaply taught, and thus easy to replace. This kind of work devalues labor and takes away workers bargaining power. Sociologists observe that this kind of work has reduced workers rights and wages in the US and around the world, which is exactly why workers at places like McDonalds and Walmart are leading the fight for a living wage in the U.S.  Meanwhile in China, workers who produced iPhones and iPads face similar conditions and struggles. The characteristics of McDonaldization have crept into the consumer experience too, with free consumer labor folded into the production process. Ever bus your own table at a restaurant or cafà ©? Dutifully follow the instructions to assemble Ikea furniture? Pick your own apples, pumpkins, or blueberries? Check yourself out at the grocery store? Then you have been socialized to complete the production or distribution process for free, thus aiding a company in achieving efficiency and control. Sociologists observe the characteristics of McDonaldization in other areas of life, like education and media too, with a clear shift from quality to quantifiable measures over time, standardization and efficiency playing significant roles in both, and control too. Look around, and you will be surprised to find that you will notice the impacts of McDonaldization throughout your life.

The population of Kenya Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The population of Kenya - Research Paper Example For instance, 75 % of Kenyans depend on agriculture for income and food and contributes approximately 26 % of the country's Gross Domestic Product. In addition, the agricultural activities contribute about 60 % of the country's foreign exchange earnings. However, only a third of the county's total land is agricultural products and is majorly found in the lake region, coastal plains, and Kenyan highlands. On the other hand, the two-thirds of the land is characterized by arid and semi-arid climate hence low, poorly distributed, and unreliable rainfall. Agriculturally, the area is used for pastoral farming. In Kenya, livestock contributes approximately 26 percent of the total agricultural production. Population Change Kenya has experienced a drastic population change in the past 20 years. In 1995, the crude birth rate of the country was approximated to be 36 births per 1000 people per year and grew to 40 births per year in 2005. The natural increase is the difference between the populat ion’s crude birth rate and the crude death rate. In Kenya, the natural increase in 1995 is approximated to be approximately 20 % while in 2005; the natural increase was estimated to be 29 %. Kenya had a net migration rate of -1 per 1000 people in 1995 while in 2005; the net migration has been at 0. On the other hand, the net number of migrants in Kenya in 1995 was -24000 people and 11000 people in 2005. The country’s total fertility rate in 1995 was 4.8 births per woman and 5.0 births per woman in 2005.

Econ3077 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Econ3077 - Essay Example In such cases, a buyer will be willing to purchase or rather to pay an average price for any quality stock. At this point, he brings in the idea of high and a low quality company. For a high quality company, the executives will not be willing to sell anything at an average price; whether stock or shares. However, for the companies that agree to sell at an average price, they are deemed to be of low quality since it will destroy the quality of the stock market. Additionally, Akerlof (2003) mentions how heterogeneity in quality and the asymmetric information leads to diminishing or distraction of markets that have indefinite guarantees. Thus, presence of asymmetry information makes the buyer not to distinguish the quality of products. As a result, this gives sellers an opportunity to sell the low-quality goods at the same value as the high quality goods. However, the buyer takes quality into consideration and the goods with the average quality are the only ones considered. Consequentially, the goods that have high quality will be driven off the market in a recurring manner until there is no trade

Labor Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Labor Management - Essay Example Workers become members of unions seeing the past record, strength of the union and the reputation of its leaders in the organization. Union security often works to the advantage of the organization as well, because in such a situation the management holds discussions with a representative body of the workers and comes out with requisite policies. In addition, the management also gets a feel of the shortcomings prevailing in the organization. Ensuring the basic minimum wage standards: Law of the land stipulates some minimum wage for different types of jobs. But at times, some companies try to maximize their profits by cutting on the salaries and perks of their workers. The individual worker finds it difficult to raise his/her voice against such practices fearing adverse reaction from the management. But when such instances are taken up by the management, it helps in resolving the issues without any adverse impact on the individual worker. Protection of the basic human rights of workers: While working in difficult situations like coal factories, steel furnaces, chemical and fertilizer industry, colder places etc. the workers are supposed to have some protective equipment or shorter working hours in the harmful conditions. In case the management tries to compromise on these aspects, unions try to highlight it with the management or at other appropriate forums. Collective Bargaining Agreements: Quite often the wage stan... fixed by the management in consultation with the workers representatives by way of mutual agreements termed as Collective Bargaining Agreements (CBA). Protection against discriminatory policies: If there are any effort by the management to discriminate on the basis of race, sex, age etc. the union will take up the matter with the management. Providing an informal forum to discuss problems concerning personal issues or official matters: Union meetings, conferences and conventions provide opportunities for interaction amongst the members, union representatives and the management. Quite often, it proves a very useful forum for coming out with remedial measures and taking feedback. (3) Identify actions by Government that have tended to strengthened or weakened union security in the private sector. Unions are not always liked by the government and the management, for a variety of reasons. Therefore the tug of war continues between the management and union representatives. Some actions of the government in the recent past which have resulted into strengthening the unions are; i. Enacting laws protecting the rights of workers ii. Fixing minimum wage standards and working hours iii. Taking cognizance of the hazardous situations in which workers of some industries have to operate and stipulating the requirements for adequate safety precautions. One of the key actions initiated by the governments which have resulted into weakening of the union movement is the excessive emphasis on outsourcing and contractual employment, which at times makes the workers ineligible for the membership of unions. Off-shoring and outsourcing implies that works are done by people in other countries, which again results in attrition in the organizations, thus weakening the unions. B. (1) Discuss

Form and Structure of Abigails Party Emily Huntley Essay Example for Free

Form and Structure of Abigails Party Emily Huntley Essay Mike Leighs Abigails Party was primarily shown on television and wasnt initially meant for the stage, until it was realised how successful it was. The plot is based around a mirror of two partys, one involving 5 adults all living in the same estate but of very contrasting backgrounds and classes which Mike Leigh also depicts, and the other of the sixteen year old daughter of Sue, whos organised a typical teenage rave. The essence of the play is that generally speaking the younger generations should be observed at parties but in Mike Leighs example the irony is that the adults seem just as drunk and obscene as what is imagined next door. This is where the comedy arises and is developed throughout the play as the adults keep a close eye on the teenagers but there is no one to observe the adults. Mike Leigh has also drawn the attention of the audience by focusing on class by contrasting the classes of the characters, Beverly and Lawrence who are aspiring for true middle class, a poor newly married couple and a middle class divorcee. This situation in itself is controversial due to Sue not being nearly as wealthy as Beverly and Lawrence but being by far the most cultured of the group. Another example of this would be shown in Ang, her occupation as a nurse can actually be called a well known and accepted profession, although she has little money and isnt well cultured or travelled, as an outsider you can see the intelligence that Mike Leigh has tried to depict over the other characters. The play is composed of two acts, both of which surprisingly end with the focus on Sue, the most timid character. I think this was purposeful on Leighs behalf as although she seems to be a pretty insignificant character she holds a lot of unknown power over the people in her company. Especially Lawrence who realises her class is above his and he aspires to be like her by seeking her approval. As the play develops so does the amount of alcohol consumed and the tension between the two married couples. Especially from Beverly and Lawrences points of view as they start verbally abusing each other in the presence of their guests, which I believe would not occur otherwise as Ang, Tony and Sue would realise their true characters. Therefore I could also state that the play is structured around class, parties and also alcohol. Everything in the play including props, lighting and sound effects is ultra realistic. The set includes real food and drink with a working record player and lamps, which provide the naturalistic lighting throughout the whole play, and the constant thumping from next door really makes the situation believable. To enhance the realism, Mike Leigh also wrote the play in real time, this means that the duration of the play is natural over the period of an evening, with no days or hours skipped. Another tool used by Mike Leigh to develop true realism is the use of colloquial dialect. There is no stylised or poetic language and also no imagery used. It is written so the audience can easily place themselves in the characters positions. Discussing the structure of the play is hard considering the definitions of A Well Made Play 1.) Exposition (introduction of characters and situations) 2.) Conflict (a huge problem is bought to the surface) 3.) Complications (the problem develops) 4.) Climax (the most dramatic, and tension filled part of the play) 5.) Dà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½nouement (the resolution) The exposition occurs between pages 1 and 13 when the characters are introduced to each other and also the audience. This is the period when the audience makes their own assumptions of the characters, and they can recognise different relationships and tensions. This is when we also realise about Lawrences hectic lifestyle and frequent suffering of heartburn so that his heart attack doesnt come as a complete shock and the audience understand and sympathise more. The conflict is primarily to do with Beverly and Lawrences relationship and the strain that it is clearly under. But we also see the stress between Angela and Tony periodically. The complication is when the tension builds as more and more alcohol is consumed predominantly between Lawrence and Beverly. The climax is clearly Lawrences heart attack, which is the outcome, of a stressful job, a nagging wife, being polite to unwelcome guests the consumption of alcohol and the constant thumping of the party next door. This is when the focus and drive of the play changes completely from the future life these characters have built themselves to the present situation. Lastly the dà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½nouement. In Abigails Party there doesnt seem to be a definite resolution, the play is left on a cliff hanger as the audience is left in the dark as to whether the conflicts have been resolved and if not the final outcome of the situation. Abigails Party is referred to as a comedy, but of various types, it contains a slight element of black comedy in the fact that Lawrence has a heart attack. But throughout the play, Leigh develops another form of comedy, not through one-liners, but due to the characters dialogue and movement etc. For example, Tonys monosyllabic answers, Angelas lack of social etiquette, Sues shyness and total dislike of the situation, Lawrences frequent cultural references even though everyone can see he is uneducated in Shakespeare and Beethoven and is simply attempting and failing to reach a higher social class (nouveaux riches). And Beverlys clear lack of self-control concerning Tony and insulting Angelas lipstick. Abigails Party is essentially written as a comedy, until the end, which presents more opportunities, and shows a more tragic and retrospective feel. This play is unique in that it is completely down to the director as to how they depict it as it can be of two extremes tragic or comic, excluding Lawrences death, which is clearly comic with the reference to Angs cramp etc. In the production I saw, it was comic and I thought this worked well but having considered it to be a tragic play I think this could be just as effective.

The Future of Computers :: Essays Papers Technology PC

The Future of Computers The computers of the future are expected to be smaller, faster and smarter. For the past 20 years, CPU performance has doubled about every 18 months. The PC will stay close to this pace for the next 10 years--a nearly 100-fold improvement in that time. The storage capacities of hard drives will continue to expand, they are currently growing at a rate of about 60 percent per year. Intel's Pentium II had only 7.5 million transistors. Within a few years, Intel processors should contain 50 million to 100 million transistors. In 5 years, computers will have 16 times the memory capacity they do now. "One big challenge is the time for the processor to acc-ess the memory. [One solution is that] the processor might be on the same chip as memo-ry. Every time you buy memory, you get a processor." Actual voice input will become a reality, but it may not be widely employed in offices because of privacy and environmental issues. Bill Gates predicts that within ten years, "every computer will have speech and linguistics built into it. Instead of typing or clicking, you'll tell your PC to launch this application or print that document. At the office, your e-mail message is just as likely to be a video clip. At home it probably means that your PC takes control of the lights, temperature, and appliances. When you have a prob-lem, software will look for conflicts, make sure drivers are up to date, when a fix is neces- sary, ask if you want to go online and get a patch. Later on, it will search for the medicine it needs with no intervention from you. Even later, software will watch what you are doing and step in when you're having trouble. In ten years there will be better input systems; handwriting, speech, visual recognition. As much as 90 percent of the operating-system co de will go to these new capabilities. Predictable hardware improvements and unpre-dictable software advances have been a signature of the personal computer industry, thisis simply supply and demand. Technologies That Will Change the World Digital Money-Disposable Money Cards, inspired by the success of prepaid phone cards. Web sites will be quick to accept the prepaid cards. Many items that have been free on the internet, such as downloads and plug-ins can be priced at fees of $1 or $2.

Euthyphro & Classics of Philosophy Essay

In its simplest term, the divine command theory holds that given that god exists; an act is good only because God commands it. In other words, anything that is not approved of by God cannot be considered to be good. A major problem associated with this view is raised in Euthyphro. The Euthyphro argues that the gods command things because they are good rather than that they are good because they command it. Seen from another angle, the goodness of things precedes God’s command. However, considering the polytheistic nature of the society that Socrates and Euthyphro lived in, the conception that what is good is only good because gods command it may be challenged by holing that the gods may have differences in opinion especially with regard to issues of morality. As such, what may be dear to one god may not necessarily be dear to another. As such, one action may be both pious and impious. The divine command theorists hold that the source of all moral value is the will of God (Hall et al). Whatever is willed by God is morally good or obligatory and whatever he forbids is morally evil. With this regard, murder, theft and adultery are morally wrong because, and only because they are forbidden by God. On the other hand, justice and mercy are morally good only because they are approved by God. The majority of divine command theorists hold that there is no intrinsic Good. Whatever is done and willed by God is good and whatever opposes the will of God is bad. As such, the good has its foundation and existence solely in God’s will. Indeed, it can be conceived that God can alter his mind and command murder. This is especially seen in the scriptures when he commanded Abraham to kill his son. He can also forbid acts of clemency. Simply by an act of will, God can change virtue into vice and vice into virtue. The divine command theory is first broached as a philosophical theory in Euthyphro. Euthyphro and Socrates are attempting to define holiness with Euthyphro proposing a definition that holiness is whatever is loved by the gods. According to Socrates, this definition is ambiguous in the sense that it does not offer any clear comprehension of whether something is holy simply because it is loved by the gods or whether its loved by the gods because it is already holy. By making a generalization from the case of holiness, it can be said that either something is morally good or right because God commands it to be so or that God commands it because it is morally good or right to begin with (Pojman, 2002). In other words, either moral value depends on the will of god or the will of god depends on moral value. In Euthyphro, the two options are dramatically presented. That is, either the source of value depends on the divine will or elsewhere. Both Socrates and Euthyphro agree that it lies elsewhere and therefore reject the divine command theory. They however do not explain where it rests. Plato’s view is right considering his god-independent Form of the Good. However, the argument in Euthyphro can be hardly applied to the Christian God. Plato’s argument, as taken by Leibniz and other philosophers may be seen in the following context; that â€Å"honoring one’s parents is good because God has commanded it† implies the counterfactual that if God commanded other things, those other things would be good. God, by the theory, could have commanded those other things considering how powerful He is. According to the divine command theory, therefore, if God had commanded that one should dishonor his parents, then dishonoring parents would be obligatory instead of forbidden (Wilkens, 1995). This is however absurd. The divine command theory is thus committed to counterfactuals about what would have been good that are patently false. The implication is that, even though God commanded the good, this is only so because it is good and not that it is good because He commanded it. The dilemma in the question of whether what is holy is holy because the gods approve of it, or approve of it because it is holy can only be clearer if the polytheistic assumptions are eliminated and the term â€Å"holy† is replaced with â€Å"right†. If the question is restructured, it will appear as follows: does God command us to do what is right because it is right or something is right because God commands it? The question presents two possibilities. First, God’s commands can be conceived of to be right-indicating or pointing towards rightness. Second, it can be conceived of to be right-making or creating rightness. This question is whether God is viewed as a Supreme Court justice or a legislator. The justice comprehends the statutes and can therefore suggest what should be done for one to stay within the boundaries of the law. However, the law itself is independent of the justice. The legislator on the other hand does not just interpret but also creates law. Until the lawmaker legislates, the law is not in existence. The question thus is; which gives a better conception of God? Voluntarists see God as a legislator since they emphasize on His freedom, will and sovereignty. As such, God is not bounded to the dictates of some standard that He did not create. Instead, right is right because God legislates it. The declaration of God that particular actions are good is right making. This view of God as a legislator evades restricting His freedom and power. However, this may create another problem. If God is so radically free and powerful, could he create a world in which torture is good? If His saying so makes it right and there are no limitations on God, could he decide that rape is virtuous? Affirming this option is frightening since there is a natural inclination to believe that a command that we ought to rape would be morally repugnant, even if it emanated from God (Ross & Stratton-Lake 2002). However, there is need to notice its implication. It assumes a standard of goodness that is independent of God. Otherwise we would not have at our disposal anything by which to measure the commands of God. With this regard, a conclusion can be derived that the gods approve of holy (right or goodness) because it is holy (right or good). Holiness is an objective feature of the world and as such, the moral order is just as a fundamental nature of the universe as the spatial or numeric structure of the universe. Our moral attitudes do not make actions good or right. Rather, they are responses to rightness or goodness. What makes our belief that something is good is the property or objective characteristic of being good that it possess. If one defines holiness as meaning what is approved by the gods, one is putting forward a naturalistic definition. If one however defines it as such that it ought to be desired, one is putting forward a non-naturalistic definition. However, both the definitions show that what is good is intrinsic as opposed to what the divine command theorists attempt to postulate. Holiness, goodness or rightness refer to a property or a quality of something and thus, this quality or property cannot be decided by the goods but rather exist independently of the will of the gods. However, there comes a challenge when they refer to a relational property rather than the intrinsic property of the things of which it is predicated. This is the major challenge not only to the divine command theorists but also to Euthyphro. References Plato, Euthyphro Pojman, L. (2002). Classics of Philosophy. Oxford University Press Ross, W. & Stratton-Lake, P. (2002). The Right and the Good. Oxford University Press Wilkens, S. (1995). Beyond bumper sticker ethics: an introduction to theories of right & wrong. InterVarsity Press